RESEARCH | sebastiansunnysamuel

INTRO

Hi There,

I am doing my research on muscle topology in maya. This character is built heavily with some heavy arms, shoulders, chest, abs and lads. I decided to do this model because, I want to model a hunk character, and to add up with guns and sword so it gives impression when i apply for a job. As I am researching on human anatomy on Maya muscle I have few references taking from google images and trying to improve my skills through e books and YouTube.

Coming to human anatomy there five major anatomy where we need to concentrate, like head, neck, arms, body and legs.

The refference image and information for this research is taking through internet, the link of this image and information is below at the end of this information.

The muscles of the head and neck perform many important tasks, including movement of the head and neck, chewing and swallowing, speech, facial expressions, and movement of the eyes. And the muscles of the face are different from other groups of muscles in the body. While most muscles connect to and move only bones, facial muscles mostly connect bones to skin. These muscles, including the zygomaticus major it means, muscle is one of two zygomaticus muscles, the zygomaticus minor and zygomaticus major, which are two facial muscles that aid in articulation of the mouth, nose, and cheeks. The zygomaticus minor is a small bundle of muscle fibers lying in the area of the cheek. And Orbicularis oris, pull on the skin to produce a infinite number of facial expressions and to move the lips and cheeks during speech and eating.

The neck muscles, including the sternocleidomastoid, sternocleidomastoid is two parted muscle begins at the skull behind the ear. From there, the sternal division (pictured at the below) attaches to the sternum or breast bone. And the trapezius, are responsible for the gross motor movement in the muscular system of the head and neck. They move the head in every direction, pulling the skull and jaw towards the shoulders, spine, and scapula. The scapula is commonly referred to as the shoulder blade. It connects the humerus bone of the arm to the collarbone (pictured at the below). Working in pairs on the left and right sides of the body, Working individually, these muscles rotate the head or flex the neck laterally to the left or right. Neck muscles contract to adjust the posture of the head throughout the day.

The muscles of the arm and hand are specially designed to meet the body’s needs of strength, speed, and work while completing many complex daily tasks. Activities such as lifting weights or heavy boxes require lot of strength from the muscles of the arm. Writing, painting, and typing all require speed and performing from the same muscles. Complete athletic activities such as boxing or throwing a ball require arm and hand muscles to be strong, fast, and perform all at the same time. As the muscles of the upper arm are responsible for the flexion and extension of the forearm at the elbow joint. Flexion of the forearm is achieved by a group of three muscles, the brachialis, biceps, and brachioradialis. These flexor muscles are all located on the anterior side of the upper arm and extend from the humerus and scapula to the ulna and radius of the forearm. Additionally, the biceps operates as a supinator of the forearm by rotating the radius and moving the palm of the hand. On the near side of the upper arm is the triceps brachii, which acts as an extensor of the forearm at the elbow and the humerus at the shoulder. The triceps, as its name indicates, has three heads whose origins are on the scapula and humerus. These three heads merge to insert behind the elbow of the ulna. It extends from the elbow to the wrist and runs parallel to the radius, which it exceeds in length and size. In anatomical position, when the arms are down at the sides of the body and the palms of the hands face forward, the ulna is located at the side of the forearm closest to the body. I will be detailing more about the arms, as i am doing my main research on arms.

The muscular system is responsible for the movement of the human body. Attached to the bones of the skeletal system are about 700 named muscles that make up roughly half of a person’s body weight. Each of these muscles is a discrete organ constructed of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons, and nerves. Muscle tissue is also found inside of the heart, digestive organs, and blood vessels. In these organs, muscles serve to move substances throughout the body.

Muscle Types
There are three types of muscle tissue: Visceral, cardiac, and skeletal.

Visceral Muscle: Visceral muscle is found inside of organs like the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. The weakest of all muscle tissues, visceral muscle makes organs contract to move substances through the organ. Because visceral muscle is controlled by the unconscious part of the brain, it is known as involuntary muscle, it cannot be directly controlled by the conscious mind.

Cardiac Muscle: Found only in the heart, cardiac muscle is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. Cardiac muscle tissue cannot be controlled consciously, so it is an involuntary muscle. While hormones and signals from the brain adjust the rate of contraction, cardiac muscle stimulates itself to contract.

Skeletal Muscle: Skeletal muscle is the only voluntary muscle tissue in the human body, it is controlled consciously. Every physical action that a person consciously performs like speaking, walking, or writing requires skeletal muscle. The function of skeletal muscle is to contract to move parts of the body closer to the bone that the muscle is attached to. Most skeletal muscles are attached to two bones across a joint, so the muscle serves to move parts of those bones closer to each other.

The leg is the lower limb of the body and supports the body when standing and provides the ability to walk, run, jump, and other movements. The leg extends from the hip joint to the ankle, which includes the largest bone in the body. The leg is composed of five separate sections like upper leg, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot.

The upper leg begins at the hip and continues down to the knee. The only bone in this region is the femur, the largest bone in the body. The femur’s head creates the ball of the ball-and-socket-style hip joint. The base of the femur makes up part of the knee.

The major muscles in the upper leg are the hamstrings and quadriceps. The hamstringsare three muscles at the back of the thigh that affect hip and knee movement. Thequadriceps—the strongest and leanest muscles in the body—are a four-muscle group at the front of the thigh that work to extend the knee and lower leg. I am preparing the the whole body chart to make clear of all the muscle names.

As i said you i am concentrating on arm, i would like to explain in detail about the arm which i researched through various sites and books. I will link all the details below.

There are 14 muscles which comes in through arm.

1. Supraspinatus

2. Infraspinatus

3. Deltoid

4. Biceps

5. Brachio radials

6. Extensor carpi radials brevis

7. Teres major

8. Triceps

9. Flexor carpi ulnaris

10. Palmarus longus

11. Extensor digitorum